What type of activities are typically restricted by compartmentation in buildings?

Compartmentation in buildings is primarily designed to limit the spread of fire and smoke. This involves creating separations, often through the use of fire-resistive walls and doors, which help to contain a fire to a specific area, thereby protecting both life and property. By containing fire and smoke within designated compartments, the safety of occupants is enhanced and evacuation routes remain accessible for longer periods, increasing the chances of safe egress in an emergency.

When considering the other options, activities such as construction work, emergency exits, and utility repairs are generally not restricted by compartmentation itself. Rather, these activities must be managed appropriately in relation to compartmentation practices to ensure compliance with safety regulations and to maintain the integrity of fire compartments. For example, during construction, care must be taken not to compromise the fire-resistance features of any compartment. Therefore, while compartmentation is crucial for preventing fire and smoke from moving through a building, it directly addresses the risks associated with the uncontrolled movement of these hazards.